Comparing residue exposure and topical application techniques for assessing permethrin resistance in house flies (Diptera: Muscidae).

J. Econ.Entomol.78: 722-724 (1985) ABSTRACT A residue on glassexposure technique was compared with topical application as a method of assessingpermethrin resistance in a house fly (Musca domestica L.) population. Multiple levels of treatment permitted development of significant dosage-mortality lines with both techniques. Average resistance factors were ca. 150 with the topical application technique and 154 with the residue on glassmethod. The residue on glass technique provided less variable results, more closely reproduced the mode of real-life acquisition of residual insecticides and would be reasonable to use with small and delicate insects for which topical applications are not feasible.